魏晋:嵇康
与yǔ山shān巨jù源yuán绝jué交jiāo书shū--嵇jī康kāng
康kāng白bái::足zú下xià昔xī称chēng吾wú于yú颍yǐng川chuān,,吾wú常cháng谓wèi之zhī知zhī言yán。。然rán经jīng怪guài此cǐ意yì尚shàng未wèi熟shú悉xī于yú足zú下xià,,何hé从cóng便biàn得dé之zhī也yě??前qián年nián从cóng河hé东dōng还hái,,显xiǎn宗zōng、、阿ā都dōu说shuō足zú下xià议yì以yǐ吾wú自zì代dài,,事shì虽suī不bù行xíng,,知zhī足zú下xià故gù不bù知zhī之zhī。。足zú下xià傍bàng通tōng,,多duō可kě而ér少shǎo怪guài;;吾wú直zhí性xìng狭xiá中zhōng,,多duō所suǒ不bù堪kān,,偶ǒu与yǔ足zú下xià相xiāng知zhī耳ěr。。闲xián闻wén足zú下xià迁qiān,,惕tì然rán不bù喜xǐ,,恐kǒng足zú下xià羞xiū庖páo人rén之zhī独dú割gē,,引yǐn尸shī祝zhù以yǐ自zì助zhù,,手shǒu荐jiàn鸾luán刀dāo,,漫màn之zhī膻shān腥xīng,,故gù具jù为wèi足zú下xià陈chén其qí可kě否fǒu。。
吾wú昔xī读dú书shū,,得dé并bìng介jiè之zhī人rén,,或huò谓wèi无wú之zhī,,今jīn乃nǎi信xìn其qí真zhēn有yǒu耳ěr。。性xìng有yǒu所suǒ不bù堪kān,,真zhēn不bù可kě强qiáng。。今jīn空kōng语yǔ同tóng知zhī有yǒu达dá人rén无wú所suǒ不bù堪kān,,外wài不bù殊shū俗sú,,而ér内nèi不bù失shī正zhèng,,与yǔ一yī世shì同tóng其qí波bō流liú,,而ér悔huǐ吝lìn不bù生shēng耳ěr。。老lǎo子zi、、庄zhuāng周zhōu,,吾wú之zhī师shī也yě,,亲qīn居jū贱jiàn职zhí;;柳liǔ下xià惠huì、、东dōng方fāng朔shuò,,达dá人rén也yě,,安ān乎hū卑bēi位wèi,,吾wú岂qǐ敢gǎn短duǎn之zhī哉zāi!!又yòu仲zhòng尼ní兼jiān爱ài,,不bù羞xiū执zhí鞭biān;;子zi文wén无wú欲yù卿qīng相xiāng,,而ér三sān登dēng令lìng尹yǐn,,是shì乃nǎi君jūn子zi思sī济jì物wù之zhī意yì也yě。。所suǒ谓wèi达dá能néng兼jiān善shàn而ér不bù渝yú,,穷qióng则zé自zì得dé而ér无wú闷mèn。。以yǐ此cǐ观guān之zhī,,故gù尧yáo、、舜shùn之zhī君jūn世shì,,许xǔ由yóu之zhī岩yán栖qī,,子zi房fáng之zhī佐zuǒ汉hàn,,接jiē舆yú之zhī行xíng歌gē,,其qí揆kuí一yī也yě。。仰yǎng瞻zhān数shù君jūn,,可kě谓wèi能néng遂suì其qí志zhì者zhě也yě。。故gù君jūn子zi百bǎi行xíng,,殊shū途tú而ér同tóng致zhì,,循xún性xìng而ér动dòng,,各gè附fù所suǒ安ān。。故gù有yǒu处chù朝cháo廷tíng而ér不bù出chū,,入rù山shān林lín而ér不bù返fǎn之zhī论lùn。。且qiě延yán陵líng高gāo子zi臧zāng之zhī风fēng,,长zhǎng卿qīng慕mù相xiāng如rú之zhī节jié,,志zhì气qì所suǒ托tuō,,不bù可kě夺duó也yě。。吾wú每měi读dú尚shàng子zi平píng、、台tái孝xiào威wēi传chuán,,慨kǎi然rán慕mù之zhī,,想xiǎng其qí为wèi人rén。。少shǎo加jiā孤gū露lù,,母mǔ兄xiōng见jiàn骄jiāo,,不bù涉shè经jīng学xué。。性xìng复fù疏shū懒lǎn,,筋jīn驽nú肉ròu缓huǎn,,头tóu面miàn常cháng一yī月yuè十shí五wǔ日rì不bù洗xǐ,,不bù大dà闷mèn痒yǎng,,不bù能néng沐mù也yě。。每měi常cháng小xiǎo便biàn而ér忍rěn不bù起qǐ,,令lìng胞bāo中zhōng略lüè转zhuǎn乃nǎi起qǐ耳ěr。。又yòu纵zòng逸yì来lái久jiǔ,,情qíng意yì傲ào散sàn,,简jiǎn与yǔ礼lǐ相xiāng背bèi,,懒lǎn与yǔ慢màn相xiāng成chéng,,而ér为wèi侪chái类lèi见jiàn宽kuān,,不bù攻gōng其qí过guò。。又yòu读dú《《庄zhuāng》》、、《《老lǎo》》,,重zhòng增zēng其qí放fàng,,故gù使shǐ荣róng进jìn之zhī心xīn日rì颓tuí,,任rèn实shí之zhī情qíng转zhuǎn笃dǔ。。此cǐ犹yóu禽qín鹿lù,,少shǎo见jiàn驯xún育yù,,则zé服fú从cóng教jiào制zhì;;长zhǎng而ér见jiàn羁jī,,则zé狂kuáng顾gù顿dùn缨yīng,,赴fù蹈dǎo汤tāng火huǒ;;虽suī饰shì以yǐ金jīn镳biāo,,飨xiǎng以yǐ嘉jiā肴yáo,,愈yù思sī长zhǎng林lín而ér志zhì在zài丰fēng草cǎo也yě。。
阮ruǎn嗣sì宗zōng口kǒu不bù论lùn人rén过guò,,吾wú每měi师shī之zhī而ér未wèi能néng及jí;;至zhì性xìng过guò人rén,,与yǔ物wù无wú伤shāng,,唯wéi饮yǐn酒jiǔ过guò差chà耳ěr。。至zhì为wèi礼lǐ法fǎ之zhī士shì所suǒ绳shéng,,疾jí之zhī如rú仇chóu,,幸xìng赖lài大dà将jiāng军jūn保bǎo持chí之zhī耳ěr。。吾wú不bù如rú嗣sì宗zōng之zhī资zī,,而ér有yǒu慢màn弛chí之zhī阙quē;;又yòu不bù识shí人rén情qíng,,暗àn于yú机jī宜yí;;无wú万wàn石shí之zhī慎shèn,,而ér有yǒu好hǎo尽jǐn之zhī累lèi。。久jiǔ与yǔ事shì接jiē,,疵cī衅xìn日rì兴xìng,,虽suī欲yù无wú患huàn,,其qí可kě得dé乎hū??又yòu人rén伦lún有yǒu礼lǐ,,朝cháo廷tíng有yǒu法fǎ,,自zì惟wéi至zhì熟shú,,有yǒu必bì不bù堪kān者zhě七qī,,甚shén不bù可kě者zhě二èr::卧wò喜xǐ晚wǎn起qǐ,,而ér当dāng关guān呼hū之zhī不bù置zhì,,一yī不bù堪kān也yě。。抱bào琴qín行xíng吟yín,,弋yì钓diào草cǎo野yě,,而ér吏lì卒zú守shǒu之zhī,,不bù得dé妄wàng动dòng,,二èr不bù堪kān也yě。。危wēi坐zuò一yī时shí,,痹bì不bù得dé摇yáo,,性xìng复fù多duō虱shī,,把bǎ搔sāo无wú已yǐ,,而ér当dāng裹guǒ以yǐ章zhāng服fú,,揖yī拜bài上shàng官guān,,三sān不bù堪kān也yě。。素sù不bù便biàn书shū,,又yòu不bù喜xǐ作zuò书shū,,而ér人rén间jiān多duō事shì,,堆duī案àn盈yíng机jī,,不bù相xiāng酬chóu答dá,,则zé犯fàn教jiào伤shāng义yì,,欲yù自zì勉miǎn强qiáng,,则zé不bù能néng久jiǔ,,四sì不bù堪kān也yě。。不bù喜xǐ吊diào丧sàng,,而ér人rén道dào以yǐ此cǐ为wèi重zhòng,,已yǐ为wèi未wèi见jiàn恕shù者zhě所suǒ怨yuàn,,至zhì欲yù见jiàn中zhōng伤shāng者zhě;;虽suī瞿qú然rán自zì责zé,,然rán性xìng不bù可kě化huà,,欲yù降jiàng心xīn顺shùn俗sú,,则zé诡guǐ故gù不bù情qíng,,亦yì终zhōng不bù能néng获huò无wú咎jiù无wú誉yù如rú此cǐ,,五wǔ不bù堪kān也yě。。不bù喜xǐ俗sú人rén,,而ér当dāng与yǔ之zhī共gòng事shì,,或huò宾bīn客kè盈yíng坐zuò,,鸣míng声shēng聒guā耳ěr,,嚣xiāo尘chén臭chòu处chù,,千qiān变biàn百bǎi伎jì,,在zài人rén目mù前qián,,六liù不bù堪kān也yě。。心xīn不bù耐nài烦fán,,而ér官guān事shì鞅yāng掌zhǎng,,机jī务wù缠chán其qí心xīn,,世shì故gù烦fán其qí虑lǜ,,七qī不bù堪kān也yě。。又yòu每měi非fēi汤tāng、、武wǔ而ér薄báo周zhōu、、孔kǒng,,在zài人rén间jiān不bù止zhǐ,,此cǐ事shì会huì显xiǎn,,世shì教jiào所suǒ不bù容róng,,此cǐ甚shén不bù可kě一yī也yě。。刚gāng肠cháng疾jí恶è,,轻qīng肆sì直zhí言yán,,遇yù事shì便biàn发fā,,此cǐ甚shén不bù可kě二èr也yě。。以yǐ促cù中zhōng小xiǎo心xīn之zhī性xìng,,统tǒng此cǐ九jiǔ患huàn,,不bù有yǒu外wài难nán,,当dāng有yǒu内nèi病bìng,,宁níng可kě久jiǔ处chù人rén间jiān邪xié??又yòu闻wén道dào士shì遗yí言yán,,饵ěr术shù黄huáng精jīng,,令lìng人rén久jiǔ寿shòu,,意yì甚shén信xìn之zhī;;游yóu山shān泽zé,,观guān鱼yú鸟niǎo,,心xīn甚shén乐lè之zhī;;一yī行xíng作zuò吏lì,,此cǐ事shì便biàn废fèi,,安ān能néng舍shě其qí所suǒ乐lè而ér从cóng其qí所suǒ惧jù哉zāi!!
夫fū人rén之zhī相xiāng知zhī,,贵guì识shí其qí天tiān性xìng,,因yīn而ér济jì之zhī。。禹yǔ不bù逼bī伯bó成chéng子zi高gāo,,全quán其qí节jié也yě;;仲zhòng尼ní不bù假jiǎ盖gài于yú子zi夏xià,,护hù其qí短duǎn也yě;;近jìn诸zhū葛gé孔kǒng明míng不bù逼bī元yuán直zhí以yǐ入rù蜀shǔ,,华huá子zi鱼yú不bù强qiáng幼yòu安ān以yǐ卿qīng相xiāng,,此cǐ可kě谓wèi能néng相xiāng终zhōng始shǐ,,真zhēn相xiāng知zhī者zhě也yě。。足zú下xià见jiàn直zhí木mù不bù可kě以yǐ为wèi轮lún,,曲qū木mù不bù可kě以yǐ为wèi桷jué,,盖gài不bù欲yù枉wǎng其qí天tiān才cái,,令lìng得dé其qí所suǒ也yě。。故gù四sì民mín有yǒu业yè,,各gè以yǐ得dé志zhì为wèi乐lè,,唯wéi达dá者zhě为wèi能néng通tōng之zhī,,此cǐ足zú下xià度dù内nèi耳ěr。。不bù可kě自zì见jiàn好hǎo章zhāng甫fǔ,,强qiáng越yuè人rén以yǐ文wén冕miǎn也yě;;己jǐ嗜shì臭chòu腐fǔ,,养yǎng鸳yuān雏chú以yǐ死sǐ鼠shǔ也yě。。吾wú顷qǐng学xué养yǎng生shēng之zhī术shù,,方fāng外wài荣róng华huá,,去qù滋zī味wèi,,游yóu心xīn于yú寂jì寞mò,,以yǐ无wú为wèi为wèi贵guì。。纵zòng无wú九jiǔ患huàn,,尚shàng不bù顾gù足zú下xià所suǒ好hǎo者zhě。。又yòu有yǒu心xīn闷mèn疾jí,,顷qǐng转zhuǎn增zēng笃dǔ,,私sī意yì自zì试shì,,不bù能néng堪kān其qí所suǒ不bù乐lè。。自zì卜bo已yǐ审shěn,,若ruò道dào尽jǐn途tú穷qióng则zé已yǐ耳ěr。。足zú下xià无wú事shì冤yuān之zhī,,令lìng转zhuǎn于yú沟gōu壑hè也yě。。
吾wú新xīn失shī母mǔ兄xiōng之zhī欢huān,,意yì常cháng凄qī切qiè。。女nǚ年nián十shí三sān,,男nán年nián八bā岁suì,,未wèi及jí成chéng人rén,,况kuàng复fù多duō病bìng。。顾gù此cǐ悢liàng悢liàng,,如rú何hé可kě言yán!!今jīn但dàn愿yuàn守shǒu陋lòu巷xiàng,,教jiào养yǎng子zi孙sūn,,时shí与yǔ亲qīn旧jiù叙xù离lí阔kuò,,陈chén说shuō平píng生shēng,,浊zhuó酒jiǔ一yī杯bēi,,弹dàn琴qín一yī曲qū,,志zhì愿yuàn毕bì矣yǐ。。足zú下xià若ruò嬲niǎo之zhī不bù置zhì,,不bù过guò欲yù为wèi官guān得dé人rén,,以yǐ益yì时shí用yòng耳ěr。。足zú下xià旧jiù知zhī吾wú潦lǎo倒dào粗cū疏shū,,不bù切qiè事shì情qíng,,自zì惟wéi亦yì皆jiē不bù如rú今jīn日rì之zhī贤xián能néng也yě。。若ruò以yǐ俗sú人rén皆jiē喜xǐ荣róng华huá,,独dú能néng离lí之zhī,,以yǐ此cǐ为wèi快kuài;;此cǐ最zuì近jìn之zhī,,可kě得dé言yán耳ěr。。然rán使shǐ长zhǎng才cái广guǎng度dù,,无wú所suǒ不bù淹yān,,而ér能néng不bù营yíng,,乃nǎi可kě贵guì耳ěr。。若ruò吾wú多duō病bìng困kùn,,欲yù离lí事shì自zì全quán,,以yǐ保bǎo余yú年nián,,此cǐ真zhēn所suǒ乏fá耳ěr,,岂qǐ可kě见jiàn黄huáng门mén而ér称chēng贞zhēn哉zāi!!若ruò趣qù欲yù共gòng登dēng王wáng途tú,,期qī于yú相xiāng致zhì,,时shí为wèi欢huān益yì,,一yī旦dàn迫pò之zhī,,必bì发fā狂kuáng疾jí。。自zì非fēi重zhòng怨yuàn,,不bù至zhì于yú此cǐ也yě。。
野yě人rén有yǒu快kuài炙zhì背bèi而ér美měi芹qín子zi者zhě,,欲yù献xiàn之zhī至zhì尊zūn,,虽suī有yǒu区qū区qū之zhī意yì,,亦yì已yǐ疏shū矣yǐ。。愿yuàn足zú下xià勿wù似shì之zhī。。其qí意yì如rú此cǐ,,既jì以yǐ解jiě足zú下xià,,并bìng以yǐ为wèi别bié。。嵇jī康kāng白bái。。
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